Answer the three questions below.

In your own words:

In English, to pluralize most words, an /s/ is appended to the end of the word. Explain how this grammatical knowledge would be explained by the “active construction of grammar”, and “statistical learning” approaches to understanding first language acquisition. Make sure to discuss how these differ with respect to grammatical rules in particular.

In your own words:

Below are three pairs words, one from English and one from another language (defined in parentheses). For each pair, explain if you think the pair of words is evidence of relatedness, and explain your reasoning.

1. English ‘carpet’ and Spanish ‘carpeta’ (‘folder’).
2. English ‘electricity’ and Spanish ‘electricidad’ (‘electricity’).
3. English ‘three’ and Greek ‘trio’ (‘three’).

In your own words:

For the pair of propositions below, indicate whether they entail each other, presuppose each other, or neither. Explain how you reasoning for full points.

1) A man is wearing a jacket outside.

2) It is cold outside.